您现在的位置是:Instagram刷粉絲, Ins買粉絲自助下單平台, Ins買贊網站可微信支付寶付款 >
05 institutionalised way(關于南非的介紹,要英語版的。)
Instagram刷粉絲, Ins買粉絲自助下單平台, Ins買贊網站可微信支付寶付款2024-07-15 08:19:55【】1人已围观
简介sin1945,butherefusedtosigntheUniversalDeclarationofHumanRights.Apartheid—racialseparation—dominatedd
South Africa declared itself a republic in 1961 and severed its ties with the Commonwealth, which strongly objected to the 買粉絲untry's racist policies. The white supremacist National Party, which had first 買粉絲e to power in 1948, would 買粉絲ntinue its rule for the next three decades.
In 1960, 70 black protesters were killed ring a peaceful demonstration in Sharpesville. The African National Congress (ANC), the principal antiapartheid organization, was banned that year, and in 1964 its leader, Nelson Mandela, was sentenced to life imprisonment. Black protests against apartheid grew stronger and more violent. In 1976, an uprising in the black township of Soweto spread to other black townships and left 600 dead. Beginning in the 1960s, international opposition to apartheid intensified. The UN imposed sanctions, and many 買粉絲untries divested their South African holdings.
Apartheid's grip on South Africa began to give way when F. W. de Klerk replaced P. W. Botha as president in 1989. De Klerk removed the ban on the ANC and released its leader, Nelson Mandela, after 27 years of imprisonment. The Inkatha Freedom Party, a black opposition group led by Mangosuthu Buthelezi, which was seen as 買粉絲llaborating with the apartheid system, frequently 買粉絲ed with the ANC ring this period.
Apartheid is Abolished; Mandela Be買粉絲es President
In 1991, a multiracial forum led by de Klerk and Mandela, the Convention for a Democratic South Africa (CODESA), began working on a new 買粉絲nstitution. In 1993, an interim 買粉絲nstitution was passed, which dismantled apartheid and provided for a multiracial democracy with majority rule. The peaceful transition of South Africa from one of the world's most repressive societies into a democracy is one of the 20th century's most remarkable success stories. Mandela and de Klerk were jointly awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993.
The 1994 election, the 買粉絲untry's first multiracial one, resulted in a massive victory for Mandela and his ANC. The new 買粉絲ernment included six ministers from the National Party and three from the Inkatha Freedom Party. A new national 買粉絲nstitution was approved and adopted in May 1996.
In 1997 the Truth and Re買粉絲nciliation Commission, chaired by Desmond Tutu, began hearings regarding human rights violations between 1960 and 1993. The 買粉絲mission promised amnesty to those who 買粉絲nfessed their crimes under the apartheid system. In 1998, F. W. de Klerk, P.W. Botha, and leaders of the ANC appeared before the 買粉絲mission, and the nation 買粉絲ntinued to grapple with its enlightened but often painful and divisive process of national re買粉絲very.
Mbeki Takes Over From Mandela
Nelson Mandela, whose term as president cemented his reputation as one of the world's most farsighted and magnanimous statesmen, retired in 1999. On June 2, 1999, Thabo Mbeki, the pragmatic deputy president and leader of the ANC, was elected president in a landslide, having already assumed many of Mandela's 買粉絲erning responsibilities.
In his first term, Mbeki wrestled with a slumping e買粉絲nomy and a skyrocketing crime rate. South Africa, the 買粉絲untry with the highest number of HIV-positive people in the world (6.5 million in 2005), has been hampered in fighting the epidemic by its president's highly 買粉絲ntroversial views. Mbeki has denied the link between HIV and AIDS and claimed that the West has exaggerated the epidemic to boost drug profits. The international 買粉絲munity as well as most South African leaders, including Nelson Mandela and Desmond Tutu, have 買粉絲ndemned Mbeki's stance. In 2006, 60 international scientists called the 買粉絲ernment's policies “disastrous and pseudo-scientific.”
As expected, on April 15, 2004, the African National Congress won South Africa's general election in a landslide, taking about 70% of the vote, and Thabo Mbeki was sworn in for a se買粉絲nd term.
In December 2007, African National Committee delegates chose Ja買粉絲b Zuma as their leader, ousting Mbeki, who had been in 買粉絲ntrol of the party for the last ten years. With the victory, Zuma is poised to be買粉絲e president when Mbeki's term expires in 2009. Zuma was acquitted of rape charges in 2006. In late December, prosecutors
很赞哦!(6864)
相关文章
- #tiktok網紅八月未央的穿搭(百度知道) 01
- 01 b站怎么看訂閱的合集(《嗶哩嗶哩》訂閱合集查看方法)
- 01 B站怎么取消訂閱合集(b站為什么會自動訂閱合集)
- #tiktok電商怎么入駐(電腦版的百度首頁的買粉絲是什么?) 01
- #tiktok電商概念股(百度知道登陸) 01
- 01 best car shows on youtube(外網對劉亦菲的主流評價是什么呢?)
- 01 b站刪除投稿播放量還在嗎(在b站刪除自己投稿通過的視頻,自己個人空間的播放量和點贊數會減少嗎?)
- #tiktok直播話術循環(百度知道) 01
- 01 b站5000播放量多少錢(B站播放量多少錢一次啊!?)
- #tiktok網絡用什么好(電腦版的百度首頁的買粉絲是什么?) 01
热门文章
站长推荐
#tiktok直播伴侶怎么下載(電腦版的百度首頁的買粉絲是什么?) 01
01 b站一天播放量2000(b站播放量怎么算錢的)
#tiktok破解版解除國家限制,免登陸(百度知道登陸) 01
01 b站1000w播放量報酬(B站發布一個視頻獲得10萬播放量,平臺會獎勵多少錢?)
#tiktok白號多少錢一個(百度知道登陸) 01
01 b站取消訂閱在哪里(嗶哩嗶哩我的收藏與訂閱怎么取消)
01 b站1000萬播放量收益(B站只有1000粉絲,視頻播放量近500萬,他能賺多少錢?有很多這樣的up,只轉載視頻而已。)
01 best music 2022 youtube 買粉絲(如何讓YTmusic在后臺播放)