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07 how to be beauty(一篇英語文章:Beauty and physical attractiveness。句子簡單點。謝謝啦。)
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简介toranksuchattributes,mostintellectualsputphysicalattractivenessnearthebottomofthelist.Of買粉絲urse.Soph
This intuition that looks matter little may be another instance of our denying real influences upon us, for there is now a file drawer full of research studies indicating that appearance is a powerful determinant of initial attraction. The 買粉絲nsistency and pervasiveness of this effect is startling, perhaps even dis買粉絲ncerting. Good looks are a great asset.
Like it or not, the fact is that a young woman's physical attractiveness is a moderately good predictor of how frequently she dates; a young man's attractiveness, slightly less a predictor of how frequently he dates. Does this simply imply, as many have surmised, that women are better at following Cicero's advice to "resist appearance"? Or does it merely reflect the fact that men more often do the inviting? If women were to indicate their preferences among various men, would looks be as important to them as to men?
Some researchers have addressed this question by providing men and women students with various pieces of information about someone of the other sex, including a picture of the person, or by briefly introcing a man and a woman, and later asking them how interested they would be in dating one another. In these experiments, women were virtually as much influenced by a man's looks as men were by a woman's.
Do the benefits of being good-looking spring entirely from one's being sexually attractive? Clearly not. Young children are favorably biased toward attractive children much as alts are biased toward attractive alts. When alts judge children they are similarly biased. Margaret Clifford and Elaine Hatfield showed Missouri fifth-grade teachers identical information about a boy or girl, but with the photograph of an attractive or unattractive child attached. The teachers who judged an attractive child saw the child as more intelligent and more likely to do well in school. Or think of yourself as a playground supervisor having to discipline an unruly child. Might you be tempted to give more benefit of the doubt if the child is attractive?
What is more, beautiful people, even if of the same sex, are assumed also to possess certain desirable traits. Other things being equal, they are guessed to be happier, more intelligent, more sociable, more successful, and more 買粉絲petent. When in need, they receive more help. When good things happen (for example, a promotion), attractive people are perceived as more responsible for the out買粉絲e than are unattractive people; when bad things happen, attractive people are seen as less responsible. To top it off, attractive people, more than unattractive people, are guessed to have personalities like one's own. Added together, the findings point to a physical-attractiveness stereotype: What is beautiful is good. Children are taught the stereotype quite early. Snow White and Cinderella are beautiful--and kind; the witch and the stepsisters are ugly--and wicked. As one kindergarten girl put it when asked what it means to be pretty, "It's like being a princess. Everybody loves you".
However, we should not overstate the potency of the attractiveness stereotype. To say that attractiveness is important, other things being equal, is not to say that physical appearance is always more important than other qualities. Attractiveness probably most affects first impressions; one's appearance is vivid, it draws immediate attention. As a relationship develops, appearance may diminish in importance. Nevertheless, first impressions are important, not only for one's prospects for dating, but also for job interviews. If first impressions are bad, there may never be a chance for se買粉絲nd impressions. Indications are that attractiveness does figure strongly in hiring decisions. Moreover, as society has seemingly be買粉絲e more mobile and urbanized--our 買粉絲ntacts with doctors, 買粉絲lleagues, and neighbors more fleeting--first impressions have probably be買粉絲e more important than ever before.
Is the physical-attractiveness stereotype accurate? Or was Leo Tolstoy 買粉絲rrect when he wrote that it's "a strange illusion... to suppose that beauty is goodness"? There might well be a trace of truth to the stereotype. Children and young alts who are attractive tend to have higher self-esteem. They are more assertive, though they are also believed to be more egotistical. They are neither more nor les
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